CONVICTED (2022) | Bradley Simpson, born 3 January 1998, of Watson Avenue, St Andrews KY16 8JE but with links to Honeygreen Road, Dundee DD4 8BG – stabbed his mother’s pet dog to death with a screwdriver.
Bradley Simpson stabbed a dog to death with a screwdriver and buried his burned remains in a local park.
Violent career criminal and drug abuser Simpson walked free from court with a 33-month ban on keeping animals and a social work referral after admitting repeatedly stabbing the German shepherd, called Buddy, with a screwdriver in Dundee.
Simpson formed part of the search party after Buddy was reported missing, before telling his mother: “You will never see him again. I’ve killed him.”
The remains of Buddy the German Shepherd were found burned and buried in a shallow grave.
The much-loved family pet had been in the family home when they went to bed but was missing the next morning. An alert was posted for the missing animal on a locally-targeted social media site and a search was carried out by a number of people.
Meanwhile, Simpson’s mother saw a pool of blood at the door of her home and splashes of blood within the living room and kitchen area. When she went outside to investigate further she saw more blood spattering on the side of the house.
Simpson was quizzed about what had happened and made comments about killing the dog and telling his family they would never see him again.
The search for Buddy came to an end when a horrified dog walker in a local park saw a scorched patch of ground close to a mound of disturbed soil which looked like it had been recently dug. When the mound was scraped back it revealed the charred remains of a dog, which was subsequently confirmed to be missing Buddy.
Simpson later spoke about being inspired to carry out the horrific slaying of the family pet after watching a Netflix series based around rescue dogs.
He admitted causing a protected animal unnecessary suffering. A not guilty plea to burning and dumping the dog in the park to conceal his crime was accepted by the Crown.
Solicitor Theo Finlay, defending, told the court: his client had been misusing drugs and this “has had a pretty catastrophic effect on him mentally.”
The dog killer had previously complained he had become “a target” during a period of remand in prison.
Simpson has a number of previous convictions, including for domestic abuse, under-age sex offending, theft and assault to permanent disfigurement.
Sentencing | three-year social work supervision order. Disqualified from owning or keeping any animal for just 33 months.
CONVICTED (2022) | Daryl Hill, born c. 1989, of 26 Beauly Crescent, Dundee DD3 0DF – left two dogs to starve almost to death.
2013 image of Daryl Hill. Picture: Facebook.
Hill admitted two charges of failing to give adequate care and treatment to two dogs discovered at his home in an “emaciated” state.
Scottish SPCA officers visited Hill’s home after receiving a report of neglected dogs and found Staffordshire bull terrier Kaiser, aged eight, and German shepherd Chaos, two.
Both dogs are likely to survive and have begun the process of being rehomed, despite being described by vets as “very underweight”.
SSPCA inspector Robert Baldie, said: ‘Hill was advised of the reason for our visit and was asked to if he could bring the dog to the door.
‘He returned carrying an eight-year-old Staffordshire bull terrier named Kaiser which appeared seriously underweight.
‘Hill was asked to place the dog on the ground in the front garden and Kaiser was so emaciated he could barely stay on his feet.
‘The dog tried to eat something lying in the garden and Hill pushed him away telling him to stop.
‘Kaiser then fell over onto his side and could not get back to his feet without the aid of Hill.
‘We then asked to see his other dog, a two-year-old German shepherd named Chaos.
‘He was brought to the door and was also seriously underweight but was bright and alert.
‘We were extremely concerned for the welfare of both dogs, and immediately removed them to be transported for a veterinary examination.
‘At the examination, both dogs were extremely emaciated and shook when standing still.’
Hill had claimed Chaos belonged to a friend – but admitted Kaiser was his.
His animals are now recovering well from their ordeal with proper care and attention.
Sheriff Gregor Murray said he had considered a prison sentence but was convinced he could be given a community-based order instead.
He said: “This is an appalling offence.
“These animals could have died.
“There is a public expectation that those who own animals look after them.
“You have been remorseful and it has been brought to my attention you have mental health difficulties.
“Therefore I am convinced you could be subject to a non-custodial sentence.
“I am going to disqualify you from owning animals for a period of three years also.”
Speaking after the sentencing hearing, Inspector Baldie added: ‘The only treatment required was a proper diet.
‘Kaiser and Chaos would have taken months to reach this condition and Hill seemed to be aware that the dogs were clearly in poor condition.
‘By feeding a good basic diet he could have easily alleviated the suffering caused to both dogs.
‘With the correct feeding regime, there has been a marked improvement in both the dogs’ condition.
‘We are pleased Hill has pled guilty and received this sentence.
‘The ban will ensure no other animals will suffer like Kaiser and Chaos did, although we would have liked the ban to be for a longer period of time.’
Sentencing: 180 days of unpaid work. Three-year ban (expires February 2025).
CONVICTED (2021) | Mark Noble, born 3 January 1983, of 10 Baxter Park Glebe, Dundee DD4 6PD – threw a child’s bike at a dog, striking her on the body and head.
Mark Noble with partner Kimberly Finnan
Noble pleaded guilty to attacking the pup, a one-year-old golden Labrador named Clover.
Noble walked free from court with a small fine while Finnan’s not guilty plea was accepted by the court.
His partner Kimberly Finnan, born 6 August 1991, of 2 Whitfield Rise, Dundee DD4 0BQ was also charged with attacking Clover by repeatedly striking the dog on the head and body, seizing the animal by the collar, striking her on the head and repeatedly kicking her on the head and body.
Finnan’s not guilty plea was accepted by the Crown.
Sentencing: Noble was fined £360. He was not banned from keeping animals and it isn’t known if Clover is still with him and Finnan.
CONVICTED (2021) | serial rapist Paul Hill, born c. 1965, of Kings Park Drive, Ayr – killed family pets to exert control over women
Sadistic monster Paul Hill drowned a former partner’s pet parakeet, killed another’s tiny kitten, threw a third girlfriend’s cat out of a window, and threatened to harm his own Alsatian bitch when a fourth woman told him she was leaving him.
The former bouncer was convicted of raping four women and physically assaulting eight women.
His offending took place between 1987 and 2009 throughout the Tayside, Grampian and Fife areas.
At the High Court in Glasgow, judge Lord Mulholland told Hill: “You used coercive and controlling behaviour. You abused and belittled them. You harmed their pets as a way of punishing them.
“Your behaviour was cruel and despicable.”
Hill was ordered to be monitored in the community for three years after his release from jail.
Defence counsel John McElroy representing Hill said: “He continues to maintain his innocence.”
Hill denied committing a string of sexual and violent offences against former partners in Aberdeen and Dundee over a 22-year period and claimed any sex was consensual.
He claimed he acted in self-defence when he strangled a 59-year-old grandmother at a Christmas party until her face turned purple after drunkenly shouting, “I’m a killing machine.”
His victims said that Hill was an evil “psycho” who verbally abused, beat, strangled and raped them. One said he attacked her after she put a CD in his alphabetically arranged collection in the wrong place.
One terrified mum-of-two sobbed as she told how she took her children to her mum’s after she caught Hill having sex with another woman in their bed.
Later he phoned threatening to kill the family’s 18-year-old pet parakeets if she didn’t return.
She said: “I went home later on that night because I knew he wasn’t in the house.
“The kids went into the house and they saw there was only one bird in the cage. They found the other parrot drowned in the kitchen sink.
“He drowned it, because the sink was filled up with water.”
Another ex-girlfriend told how Hill wrecked the Tayside apartment he shared with her after she left him because of his violent behaviour.
She said. “I had a kitten. It was only a little wee kitten. He killed my kitten.”
Hill was also convicted of throwing another woman’s cat out of the window of a flat in Kincorth, Aberdeen.
The woman said that several times when she’d said ‘no’ to sex Hill started to strangle her. She said: “His whole face – his eyes – would change, he was like a completely different person. His eyes would go really dark. He just looked really evil.”
Hill, who appeared in court via a video link, was placed on the sex offenders’ register.
#MostEvil | James Donald McDonell, born 14 November 1997, of 5D Robertson Street, Dundee DD4 6EL – left two cats to starve to death
The bodies of cats Mia and Babe were found under a duvet. They were suffering from weight loss and had died of suspected dehydration.
Their owner, James McDonell, pleaded guilty to causing the pets unnecessary suffering by failing to provide adequate care and treatment.
McDonell failed to obtain veterinary advice or treatment for their conditions between July 12 and August 2, 2019, for one of the cats, and between July 24 and August 2, 2019, for the other.
The court heard that McDonell was neglecting himself due to difficulties in his personal life.
Victims Mia and Babe
Authorities were alerted to the suffering of the cats and visited McDonell’s home, where they found the animals already dead under a duvet.
Defence solicitor Ross Donnelly said McDonell had been suffering from significant mental health issues at the time of the offence but has now got his life back on track.
Sentencing: admonished after a period of good behaviour. Banned from owning an animal for five years (expires January 2026).
CONVICTED (2020) | Justin Williams, born 10/05/1995, of 7G Elders Court, Dundee DD2 3UJ but with links to Basildon, Essex – starved his dog and kept her in squalid conditions
Justin Williams is free to have animals again in two years’ time
The Scottish SPCA discovered Staffy Keira in a “severely emaciated” condition and living in squalor at Williams’ flat. She weighed just 9.5kg, with little muscle mass and overgrown nails.
The court heard how the alarm was raised by neighbours who became concerned about the dog’s condition.
Fiscal depute Lynne Mannion told the court: “The employees of the SSPCA saw that the flat itself was in squalor. The hallway had bare floorboards and a dirty dog bowl.
“The dog was clearly emaciated. They asked the accused about the dog and he confirmed it had been losing its body condition.
“An examination found that the dog was severely emaciated and weighed 9.5kg which was half its original body weight.”
Staffy Keira was emaciated having been starved and neglected by Justin Williams
The court heard that Keira’s nails were overgrown due to a lack of exercise. There were no other abnormalities found during the examination with the SSPCA officers concluding that Keira’s issues were due to inadequate nutrition.
Keira was taken to the SSPCA’s local rescue centre where she recovered. She has since been rehomed.
Scottish SPCA inspector Alastair Adams said: “This was a case of serious neglect and Keira would not have survived for much longer had we not intervened.
“We welcome this sentence. Williams was not capable of meeting Keira’s most basic of needs.”
Sentencing: ordered to pay £250 and banned from keeping animals for just two years.
CONVICTED (2019) | Andrew Alexander (since deceased), born 26 July 1984, originally from Dundee and more recently Ilford in London – stole a pug named Pixie who is believed to have died
Violent thug Andrew Alexander, who now lives in Ilford in London, was convicted of stealing a dog who has never been found.
Eleven-month-old pug Pixie went missing on July 16, 2018 from a flat in Stobswell, Dundee, while in the care of Andrew Alexander.
Following her disappearance, eye-witnesses reported seeing a dog matching Pixie’s description being hit in the face at Baxter Park and then being carried lifeless by a man through the streets of Dundee towards a bridge over the River Tay.
Now construction worker Andrew Alexander has been fined £250 after being convicted of stealing the dog. As there was no admissible evidence that he had killed or mistreated the animal, he faced no charges in relation to this.
To date, it is not known what exactly happened to Pixie but it is believed that Alexander dumped her broken body in the River Tay.
In a bizarre legal argument, Alexander’s lawyer Ian Houston told the court that as Pixie was dead she was “nobody’s property” and could not, therefore, be stolen.
Alexander was represented in court by dodgy lawyer Ian James Houston of Bruce Short Solicitors, Rattray Street, Dundee. Houston tried to get his client off with the theft charge on the grounds that the “property”, i.e. a much-loved family pet, no longer existed because she was dead. Houston insisted on proving to the court that the dog had died by showing the CCTV footage of Alexander carrying Pixie’s body through the streets despite the anguish of the dog’s distraught owner, who was present in court. How do these people sleep at night?
He was also found guilty of assaulting Ms Deuchars in August 2019 by seizing her on the body, placing her in a headlock and spraying an unknown irritant in her face.
Sentencing: Alexander was ordered to pay £250 to Ms Deuchars for the theft of the dog and a further £250 for the assault.
We originally published this article in August 2018 but had to withhold certain details at the time, so as not to jeopardise the prosecution case against Andrew Alexander. This is an edited version of that article. to reflect the latest developments.
Sometime after 3pm on Monday 16 July 2018 an 11-month-old pug named Pixie went missing from an address in Park Avenue, Baxter Park, Dundee. Pixie’s owner, Kelly, had gone out to do some shopping, leaving the tiny dog alone in the company of her flatmate, Andrew Alexander. Kelly had known this man for several years and he had given her no reason to distrust him.
When Kelly left, Pixie was sleeping and she told Alexander not to take her out. She was alarmed on her return a short while later, therefore, to find the flat empty and Pixie gone. As time passed with no word from Alexander, Kelly became increasingly anxious. As she didn’t have Alexander’s new mobile number she asked a friend to call him. The friend spoke briefly with Alexander who was described as angry, screaming down the phone that he would “speak to Kelly later”.
In a state of panic Kelly rushed over to the nearby park and asked dog walkers if they’d seen Alexander or Pixie but no one had. She returned to the flat and waited anxiously.
When Alexander finally returned home at 7:30 pm he was alone and there was no sign of Pixie. When Kelly asked him where the dog was, Alexander shouted “lost!” in a manner that was more irritated than concerned. He said that Pixie had run off in Baxter Park at 4pm and he’d been unable to find her. He then told Kelly, somewhat bizarrely, that he was “away to jail” but didn’t elaborate on what he meant and left in a taxi to go to a girlfriend’s house.
Kelly texted Alexander the following morning to tell him he was no longer welcome at the flat. His response: “I’ve already moved out lol”
Alexander returned two days later while Kelly was out to collect his things and left for good.
Remorseless dog killer Andrew Alexander jokes about Pixie’s disappearance with his moronic friend Bob Ramsay of Happyhillock Road, Dundee DD4 8LU
In the following days Kelly posted a number of desperate appeals on Facebook. Her posts were shared extensively in the local area, the charity DogLost got involved, and multiple reports of sightings from pedestrians and motorists started to come in. The news wasn’t encouraging, however, with witnesses reporting seeing a man resembling Alexander carrying a pug-type dog that appeared to be lifeless.
One pedestrian recalled seeing the man holding a dog in his arms.
She said: “The dog was very still and I thought that was strange as a dog wouldn’t usually allow itself to be held like that without moving at all.
“He avoided passing close to me on his way towards the city centre – probably because I watching him. It was very clearly a pug and in retrospect, it seemed utterly lifeless.
“The man appeared red and flustered. I wish I had stopped him and asked if the dog was okay.”
Another witness – a young girl – said she had seen a man in Baxter Park pick up a pug by the neck and punch her in the face. The girl had been too afraid to challenge him.
These sightings took place as late as 7pm on the evening of Monday 16 July 2018 – three hours after Alexander said that Pixie had disappeared.
Police Scotland were contacted and on 27 July, 2018 they issued an appeal for information through the local newspaper and social media. Their statement read:
“There have been numerous sightings of what appeared to be a man carrying a small dog resembling Pixie in the Stobswell and Waterfront areas in the following few hours.
“The dog appeared to be lifeless or ill, and the man was described as in his mid 30s-40, tall, large build, and wearing a red t-shirt and blue shorts, possibly with stripes down the side.
“He was last seen shortly before 6pm near the bottom of Crichton Street. These sightings have been confirmed on CCTV.
“We have already received a large amount of relevant information from the public regarding this incident and are currently following a positive line of enquiry.
“We have also attempted to contact a number of witnesses who have been identified to us, but have not been able to get in touch with them.
“We would therefore like to ask anyone who has information about this incident who we have not already spoken to, to contact us – in particular if you saw the described man in the area of Baxter Park, Arbroath Road, Blackscroft, Dock Street, the Tay Bridge, Slessor Gardens or Crichton Street, between 3pm and 7pm on Monday 16th.
“We are also very interested in a report given to us regarding a man being seen possibly mistreating a dog in Baxter Park around that time.
“Anyone with any information should contact Police Scotland on 101, quoting CR/17475/18 or speak to any police officers”.
In the meantime, Kelly and her friends formed the Facebook group Justice for Pixie with the aim of spreading awareness about the case and campaigning for justice. Sadly that justice never came when Alexander walked free from court with a nominal fine for dog theft.
Update | January 2021
We understand that Andrew Alexander has died. His death is believed to have been related to drugs. Squalid life, squalid death. How apt.
CONVICTED (2019) | notorious puppy farmer and serial animal abuser Frank James, born 5 April 1967, of 105 Coronation Way, Montrose, Angus DD10 9DW, and accomplice Michelle Wood, born c. 1989, of Berrymuir Road, Macduff AB44
Frank James and Michelle Wood caused dogs, ferrets and rabbits suffering at East Mains of Ardlogie Farm near Fyvie, Aberdeenshire AB53 8PH.
The Scottish SPCA and police raided the farm in November 2017, removing 105 animals including 87 dogs, the youngest being a few days old.
Inhumane conditions on Frank James’s filthy puppy farm where scant regard was given to animal welfare.
The animals were taken to Scottish SPCA animal rescue and rehoming centres for treatment and rehabilitation.
An undercover investigator for the Scottish SPCA described the conditions as “absolutely disgraceful”.
Michelle Wood
The investigator said: “We believe this was the largest scale puppy farming operation in Scotland.
“The conditions these dogs were being kept in were absolutely disgraceful. It fell far below the minimum standard in terms of animal welfare and, given the environment and sheer volume of puppies, it was immediately evident these were not being kept as pets and the premises was effectively a battery farm for pups.
“Our investigation revealed dogs on site were being intensively bred with little to no regard for their welfare.
“On site, we found a burnt out van which had dog carcasses within, suggesting this was a means of disposing dead pups.”
Golden retrievers rescued during a previous raid on Frank James’s puppy farm
A Scottish SPCA investigation into James’s activities in March 2013 led to more than 70 dogs being seized from the same address.
Inspectors found cattle sheds packed with breeding bitches and dogs suffering with lice, skin sores, matted hair and cysts on their paws due to the floor being covered in faeces.
Family business: Sean James, who was convicted of animal cruelty alongside his father and uncle in 2014, is pictured on the far right with sister Elizabeth James and brother Frankie James. Frankie James lives with wife Charlotte (pictured far left) at 20 Greenbanks, Bridge Road, Banff.
Frank James and brother Edward James pictured outside court in 2014
Frank James and his brother were banned from keeping more than two dogs for three years.
Sean James, who was 18 at the time, was ordered to carry out 50 hours of community service and banned from keeping more than two dogs for three years
Frank James’s daughter Elizabeth Sutherland, born 09/05/1992, of Kintore, Inverurie
In September 2016 a planning application in the name of Frank James’ daughter Elizabeth James (now Elizabeth Sutherland of Hillhead Caravan Park, Kintore, Inverurie AB51 0YX) with Sean James as the named agent was submitted to Aberdeen Council for the East Mains of Ardlogie farm to be used as breeding kennels. Following a huge wave of public objections the application was rejected at the eleventh hour.
Undeterred, the James family continued to operate their puppy farm illegally and Frank James flouted his ban on selling puppies.
Sentencing | Frank James was jailed for nine months and banned from owning animals for life. Michelle Wood was given 300 hours of unpaid work and placed under supervision for two years. She was banned from keeping animals for ten years.
11mo pug Pixie, who’s been missing since 16 July 2018 and is now presumed deceased
Sometime after 3pm on Monday 16 July 2018 an 11-month-old pug named Pixie went missing from an address in Park Avenue, Baxter Park, Dundee. Pixie’s owner, Kelly, had gone out to do some shopping, leaving the tiny dog alone in the company of her male flatmate, whom we shall call ‘AA’ for now for legal reasons. Kelly had known this man for several years and he had given her no reason to distrust him.
Alleged dog killer AA, who is also rumoured to have killed a rabbit and hamster. He also has a conviction for attempted murder.
When Kelly left, Pixie was sleeping contentedly and she told AA not to take her out. She was alarmed on her return a short while later therefore to find the flat empty and Pixie gone. As time passed with no word from AA, Kelly became increasingly anxious. As she didn’t have AA’s new mobile number she asked a friend to call him. The friend spoke briefly with AA who was described as angry, screaming down the phone that he would “speak to Kelly later”.
In a state of panic Kelly rushed over to the nearby park and asked dog walkers if they’d seen AA or Pixie but no one had. She returned to the flat and waited anxiously.
When AA finally returned home at 7:30 pm he was alone and there was no sign of Pixie. When Kelly asked him where the dog was, AA shouted “lost!” in a manner that was more irritated than concerned. He said that Pixie had run off in Baxter Park at 4pm and he’d been unable to find her. He then told Kelly, somewhat bizarrely, that he was “away to jail” but didn’t elaborate on what he meant and left in a taxi to go to a girlfriend’s house. Kelly texted AA the following morning to tell him he was no longer welcome at the flat. His response: “I’ve already moved out lol”
AA returned two days later while Kelly was out to collect his things and left for good.
In the following days Kelly posted a number of desperate appeals on Facebook. Her posts were shared extensively in the local area, the charity DogLost got involved, and multiple reports of sightings from pedestrians and motorists started to come in. The news wasn’t encouraging, however, with witnesses reporting seeing a man resembling AA carrying a pug-type dog that appeared to be lifeless.
One pedestrian recalled seeing the man holding a dog in his arms.
She said: “The dog was very still and I thought that was strange as a dog wouldn’t usually allow itself to be held like that without moving at all.
“He avoided passing close to me on his way towards the city centre – probably because I watching him. It was very clearly a pug and in retrospect, it seemed utterly lifeless.
“The man appeared red and flustered. I wish I had stopped him and asked if the dog was okay.”
Another witness – a young girl – said she had seen a man in Baxter Park pick up a pug by the neck and punch her in the face. The girl had been too afraid to challenge him.
These sightings took place as late as 7pm on the evening of Monday 16 July – 3 hours after AA said that Pixie had disappeared.
Police Scotland were contacted and on 27 July they issued an appeal for information through the local newspaper and social media. Their statement read:
“There have been numerous sightings of what appeared to be a man carrying a small dog resembling Pixie in the Stobswell and Waterfront areas in the following few hours.
“The dog appeared to be lifeless or ill, and the man was described as in his mid 30s-40, tall, large build, and wearing a red t-shirt and blue shorts, possibly with stripes down the side.
“He was last seen shortly before 6pm near the bottom of Crichton Street. These sightings have been confirmed on CCTV.
“We have already received a large amount of relevant information from the public regarding this incident and are currently following a positive line of enquiry.
“We have also attempted to contact a number of witnesses who have been identified to us, but have not been able to get in touch with them.
“We would therefore like to ask anyone who has information about this incident who we have not already spoken to, to contact us – in particular if you saw the described man in the area of Baxter Park, Arbroath Road, Blackscroft, Dock Street, the Tay Bridge, Slessor Gardens or Crichton Street, between 3pm and 7pm on Monday 16th.
“We are also very interested in a report given to us regarding a man being seen possibly mistreating a dog in Baxter Park around that time.
“Anyone with any information should contact Police Scotland on 101, quoting CR/17475/18 or speak to any police officers.
“Alternatively if you have any information about the incident you can contact the independent charity Crimestoppers 100% anonymously on 0800 555 111 or via their Anonymous Online Form at crimestoppers-uk.org.”
In the meantime, Kelly and her friends formed the Facebook group Justice for Pixie with the aim of spreading awareness about the case.
While retaining a tiny glimmer of hope that she may find out what happened to her beloved pet dog, who is almost certainly deceased, Kelly is struggling to come to terms with her loss. A vulnerable woman with long-standing mental health issues, the likely death of her sweet-natured little pug at the hands of a man she trusted has been devastating for her wellbeing.
At the same time Kelly is determined that justice will be served. Sadly, as it stands, legal justice may be elusive. AA has been charged with theft. There is no proof that he harmed Pixie.
CCTV footage captures AA making his way towards the city quay with Pixie and returning moments later without her. Whilst this suggests he dumped her in the River Tay, it’s not conclusive and may not be sufficient to secure a conviction for animal cruelty.
In the meantime heartless AA seems to be getting on with his life just fine. Although there are rumours that he’s been beaten up several times (and is receiving police protection as a consequence), AA still posts on Facebook as if nothing has happened. Whether its about a new council house or potential job or just pathetic jokes about his ridiculous nickname ‘Cider’ (he’s a raging alcoholic as well apparently) it’s all good in AA’s twisted little world. A friend of his named Bob Ramsay even posted this recent photograph publicly to Facebook of the two of them together in a pub.
What’s that saying about a picture speaking a thousand words? Not much evidence of remorse in that photograph, is there? Or even a shred of basic decency.
AA – whom it has since come to light is a violent criminal with a conviction for attempted murder after attacking a mother and her son with a knife in 2010 – is gloating. This man is dangerous and needs to be put back in jail where he belongs.
Please join the Justice for Pixie group to follow developments in this distressing case.
We collate data on animal cruelty convictions in the UK
